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Updated on 6 April 2026

Trading losses

Being self-employed or being a partner in a partnership means that you run the risk of making a loss. This page explains the various ways you may get tax relief for a trading loss. This can mean that you get a reduction in your tax bill or perhaps get a tax refund. 

a black table top with a drawing board, on the board the words 'CAPITAL ALLOWANCE' are written in red pen. Next to this is a USB stick, a plant, some glasses, and a jar of coins
Updated on 6 April 2026

Business expenses: capital and capital allowances

On this page, we explain what capital allowances are for the self-employed and how to claim them. Remember that if you use the cash basis of accounting, which is the default method for preparing accounts from the 2024/25 tax year onwards, you cannot claim capital allowances except on the purchase ...

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Updated on 6 April 2026

Pre-trading expenses

On this page, we discuss expenses you might incur before you start trading and how you can claim tax relief for them.

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Updated on 6 April 2026

Business expenses: allowable for tax

When you are self-employed, you will usually have to pay expenses that relate to your business. On this page, we discuss which business expenses are allowable for tax purposes. When we say business expenses are ‘allowable’ this means that the tax rules allow the particular expense to be deducted ...

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Updated on 6 April 2026

Trading income: basis period reform

Basis period reform only affects some self-employed individuals and partners in partnerships. If you are affected, the way you report your profits for tax purposes changed from the 2023/24 tax year onwards. This page explains what basis periods are, the changes made under basis period reform, who ...

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Updated on 6 April 2026

Accounts: cash basis

Sole traders and partnerships must prepare business accounts to show the income and expenses of the business for the period covered by the accounts. There are two ways to prepare business accounts- the cash basis which is designed to be a simpler way of preparing accounts, or traditional accounting ...

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