Skip to main content

From 6 January 2024, the main rate of class 1 National Insurance contributions (NIC) deducted from employees’ wages reduced from 12% to 10%. From 6 April 2024, that rate is reduced further to 8%, the main rate of self-employed class 4 NIC is reduced from 9% to 6% and class 2 NIC is no longer due. Those with profits below £6,725 a year can continue to pay class 2 NIC to keep their entitlement to certain state benefits. Our guidance will be updated in full in spring 2024.

Updated on 6 April 2023

Employment status

Employment status describes the nature of the relationship between an engager and a worker – for example, employment or self-employment. 

a cup of black coffee, a pen and a napkin with the following 4 things written on it and circled in blue ink 'EMPLOYEE', 'SELF-EMPLOYED', 'BUSINESS OWNER', 'INVESTOR'.
marekuliasz / Shutterstock.com

Tax law vs. employment law

If you are hired to work for someone, they have certain responsibilities. One is that they must correctly work out your ‘employment status’, which is important for both tax law and employment law. They must do this separately for the two types of law, as they will not necessarily be the same.

Currently there are two statuses for tax law purposes: employee and self-employed, and three for employment law purposes: employee, 'worker' and self-employed.

Individuals regarded by employment law as ‘workers’ may be either employed or self-employed for tax purposes, depending on the circumstances.

Importance of employment status

Establishing your employment status correctly is crucial for determining whether you should pay tax under pay as you earn (PAYE) and your eligibility for certain statutory rights (for example, holiday pay, statutory redundancy pay).

People often assume that you can choose to be self-employed, where it suits you better or because it suits the person you are working for. That is not the case: it depends on the facts and circumstances of the situation.

There is more information on our page Employed, self-employed or neither.

Back to top